Mangosteen

Mangosteen
    (Garcinia mangostana L.)

    Synonyms:
    -

    Familia:
    Clusiaceae (Guttiferae).
Description:Trees, evergreen, height 6-20 m. Trunk straight, clear main stem, bark brown, has a yellow gum. Single leaf, the leaves sit opposite or cross face, strands; shiny surface, upper surface dark green lower surface light green, elongated elliptical shape, 12-23 x 4.5 to 10 cm, the stem 1.5 to 2 cm. Female flowers 1-3 at the end of the rod, menggarpu composition, diameter 5-6 cm. Petals sepals, two petals of the outer green leaves yellow, the innermost two smaller, red trim, strong curved, blunt. The crown consists of four petals, the shape of inverted egg, thick fleshy, green, yellow, red edge or nearly all red. Sterile stamens (staminodia) usually in the skein (group). 4-8 will bear fruit, the stigma of radius 4-6. Fruit depressed spherical, 3.5 to 7 cm diameter, dark purple, with the stigma of sitting (fixed), the petals remain, fruit wall thick, fleshy, purple, with yellow sap. Seeds 1-3, enveloped by a thick membrane watery beans, white, edible (including seeds failed to grow perfect). The origin is unknown. Time of flowering from May to January. These plants can be grown in Java at an altitude of 1-1000 m above sea level on a variety of soil types (clay and loam on the rich organic material), often as a fruit crop. lklim required is the presence of moisture and heat with a uniform rainfall. Plant propagation can be done with seeds that have germinated in a plastic bag in advance (as soon as removed from the fruit). Sprouts can be grown in the field after the age of 2-3 years, with a distance of 10 m tanarn. Young plants should be protected / shaded and will bear fruit after 8-15 years old. Fertilized trees would bear fruit more quickly. The success rate of propagation by tissue culture methods of axillary leaf buds pillar using Indole butyric acid (IBA) is very small.
Local name:NAME Simplisia Garciniae mangostanae Cortex Fructus; Mangosteen Rind. Garciniae mangostanae Radix; Roots Mangosteen. Garciniae mangostanae Folium; Leaves Mangosteen.


    Curable Disease:
    EFFECTS OF BIOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY mangosteen rind decoction have antidiarrheal effects. Young mangosteen fruit has the effect speriniostatik and spermicides. Extract (n-hexane and ethanol) mangosteen has a certain level of toxicity in the use of test methods Schrimp Brine Test (BST). From the results of a study reported that Mangostin (1,3,6-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-2 ,8-bis (-2-butenyl 3metil)-9H-Xanten-9-on) the isolation of the skin of the fruit has anti-inflammatory activity and antioxidants. From the results of pharmacological and biochemical studies it is known that mangostin competitively inhibit not only histamine H receptors, mediators of muscle contraction but also epiramin software that built the H1 receptor, the soft muscle cells intact. Mangostin is a new type of histamine. Giving young leaf extract toxicity to pregnant mice at a dose of 500, 1000, 1500 mg / kg, indicating an effect on the fetus in the form of weight loss, bleeding in the fetus, and fetal liver tissue changes such as necrosis of liver cells, but no abnormalities development and abortion. Leaf extract of mangosteen with various doses can reduce the number of spermatids cells, the addition of the number of abnormal spermatozoa, and the slow forward movement of spermatozoa of mice.

    Utilization:
    USE IN COMMUNITY fruit is used to treat diarrhea, tonsillitis, vaginal discharge, dysentery, hemorrhoids, ulcers; in addition to sputum was used as a laxative, and also for toothache. Fruit leather is used to treat thrush, diarrhea, muscle aches, constipation. Bark used to treat abdominal pain. Roots to cope with irregular menstruation. In terms of flavor, the mangosteen fruit has enough potential to make juice. HOW TO USE IN THE COMMUNITY Untukmengobati dysentery used skin of 2 mangosteen fruit, washed and cut into pieces, boiled with 4 cups of water volume sampal live 1/2, after a cold drink with honey Ialu filtered if necessary (2 x daily 3/4gelas). Untukmengobati used skin from the second passage of the mangosteen fruit that ripen, washed and cut into pieces, boiled in 3 cups of water to stay 1/2nya volume, after a cold drink with honey and then filtered as necessary (2 x daily 3/4gelas). Untukmengobati used skin ulcers of 2 mangosteen fruit, washed and cut into pieces, boiled in 3 cups water to a volume of live 1/2, after the cold filtered to rinse and continue drinking (3-6 times a day 2 tablespoons).

    Composition:
    Extracts of fruit peel petroleum ether-soluble alkaloid found two compounds. Bark, fruit peel and dry latex of Garcinia mangostana contained a yellow substance that comes from the two metabolites, namely ß-mangostin and mangostin which was isolated. Mangostin is a major component, while ß-mangostin is a minor constituent. The new metabolite was found that 1,3,6,7-tetrahidroksi-2 0.8-in (3-methyl-2butenil) xanton, named a-mangostanin of the fruit skin of Garcinia mangostana.

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