(Plantago major L.)
Synonyms:
= P.asiatica, Linn. = P.crenata, Blanco. = P.depressa, Willd. = P.erosa, Wall. = P.exaltata, Horn. = P.hasskarlii Decne. = P.incisa, Hassk. = P.loureiri, Roem. et Schult. = P.media, Blanco.
Familia:
Planfaginaccae
Description:Spoon leaves a weed in tea and rubber plantations, or growing wild in the woods, fields, and lawns are a little damp, sometimes planted in a pot as a medicinal plant. This plant came from mainland Asia and Europe, can be found from the lowlands to an altitude of 3300 m above sea level. Medicinal plants is widespread in the world and has been known since ancient times and is one of 9 Turnbuhan drugs that are considered sacred in the Anglo Saxon. Terna chronic, growing erect, 15-20 cm. Single leaf, long-stemmed, arranged in a rosette roots. Round egg shape to lanceolate leaves broad, flat or jagged edges rough irregular, smooth or slightly hairy, pertulangan curved, long 5-10 cm, wide 4-9 cm, green color. Compound inflorescence composed in the ears of about 30 cm in length, small, white color. Fruit oblong or ovoid, containing 2-4 seeds are black and wrinkled. Young leaves can be cooked as a vegetable Propagation by seed.
Local name:Ki vein, ceuli, c. uncal (Sunda), meloh kiloh, muscle-ototan,; Sangkabuah, sangkabuah, sangkuah, Blumea muscle; suri Pandak (Java). leaf veins. leaf veins, leaf scoop,; tail wind, deer ears (Sumatra). ; Torongoat (Minahasa). ; Che qian cao (China), ma de, xa tien (Vietnam); Weegbree (Netherlands), plantain, Greater plantain,; Broadleaf plantain, rat's tail plantain, waybread,; White man's foot (UK).;
Curable Disease:
Urinary tract infections, urinary greasy, bloody urine,; Swelling due to kidney disease (nephrotic edema), gall stones,; kidney stones, inflammation of the prostate (prostatitis), urinary bit, fever,; Influenza, whooping cough (pertussis), inflammation of the airways (bronchitis), diarrhea, dysentery, stomach pain, sore red eyes (conjunctivitis); Diabetes (diabetes mellitus), worms, insect bites,; acute hepatitis with jaundice (acute hepatitis jaundice), nosebleeds,; gastrointestinal disorders in children ( dyspepsia), wormy,; stimulants lust (an aphrodisiac), semen beser (spermatorea); Urinary pain (dysuria), difficult urination, blurred vision,; Coughing blood, vaginal discharge (leukore), muscle pain, red eyes,; cough with phlegm, beri-beri, high blood pressure (hypertension), rheumatic gout; jaundice (jaundice).;
Utilization:
PART USED: Herb, seeds, roots. Seeds were collected after being cooked and then roasted or roasted with salt water. INDICATIONS: Herba merit overcome: - disorders of the urinary tract such as urinary tract infections, urinary greasy, bloody urine, swelling due to kidney disease (nephrotic edema), a little urine because the heat in, - gall stones, kidney stones, - inflammation of the prostate (prostatitis) , - influenza, fever, whooping cough (pertussis), inflammation of the airways (bronchitis), - diarrhea, dysentery, stomach pain, - inflammation of pink eye (conjunctivitis), explains the blurred vision, - diabetes mellitus (DM), - acute hepatitis with yellow (jaundice acute hepatitis), - worms, insect bites, and - bleeding such as nosebleeds, coughing up blood. Efficacious to address the root: - white (leukore) and - muscle pain. Nutritious seeds to overcome: - digestive disorders in children (dyspepsia), - lust stimulant (aphrodisiac), semen beser (spermatorea), - pain urinating (dysuria), difficult urination, feeling of fullness in the lower abdomen, - diarrhea, dysentery, - worms, - blurred vision, - red eyes, swelling and pain due to heat in the liver, - cough with much phlegm, - beri-beri, high blood pressure (hypertension), - jaundice (jaundice), and - rheumatic gout. HOW TO USE: Dried herbs as much as 10-15 g or a total of 15 30 g of fresh boiling water, then drink the water. Fresh herbs can also be crushed and then pressed and filtered for drinking. To use the seeds, prepare 10-15 g seed leaf spoon, then boiled and drunk the water. For external use only, crushed fresh herbs and affixed to the wound bled, scalded, or boils, and then bandaged. Usage can also be by boiling, and water to rinse his mouth on the gums and sore throat dang. Can also be used by way of finely ground, then made an ointment to cope with boils, abscesses, and ulceration. EXAMPLE OF USE: 1. Launched a pee. Tablespoon fresh herb leaves as much as 6 ounces of washed, add rock sugar to taste. The material is boiled with 3 liters of water, boiled water until the remaining half. Drink tea like water spend in a day. b. Tablespoon fresh herb leaves washed and pounded until blended Squeeze and strain until the water is raised 1/2 cup. Add 1 tablespoon of honey, then drink as well. 2. Bloody urine: tablespoon fresh herb leaves washed and pounded until mashed. Squeeze and strain accumulated up to 1 cup water. Drinking before meals 3. Heat dysentery: a spoon of fresh herb leaves washed and finely ground. Squeeze and strain through a glass collected. Add 2 tablespoons honey, stirring evenly. Juice, is then steamed for a while. Drink as well as warm. 4. Basilar dysentery, diarrhea: a spoon of fresh herb leaves 30 g after washed and boiled with 2 cups of water until the water boiled the remaining 1 cup After chilling filtered, water is taken two times a day, each 1/2 cup. 5. Nosebleed: Leaf tablespoons fresh as much as 15 g of washed and crushed. Pour boiling hot water. After cold pressed and filtered, then drink as well. 6. Congested cough, coughing up blood: a spoon of fresh herb leaves as much as 60 g of washed and then add water until submerged and 30 g of sugar cubes. Steamed until boiling for 15 minutes. Drink while warm.
Composition:
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND EFFECTS pharmacological: This herb is sweet and cool. and relieve thirst. Seeds are sweet, cool, go meridian kidney, liver, intestine and lung. CHEMISTRY CONTENT: This herb contains plantagin, aukubin, ursolik acid, Beta-si-tosterol, n-hentriakontan, and plantagluside consisting of methyl D-galakturonat, D-galactose, L-arabinose and L-rhammosa. Also rnengandung tannins, potassium and vitamins (B1, C, A). Potassium is laxative urine and dissolving the calcium salt deposits found in the kidneys and bladder. Aukubin active substances in addition to merit protecting the liver against toxic substances that can influence rnerusak liver cells (hepatoprotektor), are also potent antiseptic. Seed (che qian zi) spoon leaf planterolik acid, plantasan (with composition xylose, arabinose, and rharnnose galacturonat acid), protein, musilago, aucubin, succinic acid, adenine, choline, katalpol, syringin, fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, arakidat, oleic, linolenic and lenoleat), and flavanone glycoside. While the roots contain naphazolin. Pharmacological Effects and Outcomes Research 1. Ethyl acetate fraction (acid) spoon leaf with a dose of 2 mm glkg given orally to male mice that had been induced by aspirin 200 mglkg bb, have had antiuicer activity. Phytochemical screening of ethyl acetate fraction showed acid type triterpenoid and monoterpenoid (Sariati, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Farinasi UNPAD, 1993). 2. Leaves infusion spoon 10% and 20% of the solubility of Ca and Mg from kidney stones in vitro, mernpunyai effects of calcium and magnesium dissolve kidney stones significantly compared to distilled water (Ismedsyah, USU Faculty of Pharmacy Department, 199 1). 3. Spoon leaf extract at a concentration of 1-3 g / wi shows antibacterial power against Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella sonnei (Meriana Sugiarto, Fac. Pharmaceutical Univ. Widya Mandala Catholic, .1992).
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